Rebecca Araujo

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A study being presented at the 2024 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting &amp; Exposition found racial and ethnic differences in outcomes of treatment with two chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).
The study included data from 322 patients treated with idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) and 222 patients treated with ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel). In the ide-cel group, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients made up 17% and 10% of the cohort, respectively, and 12% and 9% of the cilta-cel cohort, respectively.
Black patients in the ide-cel group were more likely to develop severe cytopenia at day 30 (P&lt;.001) and day 90 (P=.01) post-infusion. “These differences were particularly driven by higher rates of severe neutropenia among non-Hispanic Black patients at these time points,” the authors noted. In the cita-cel group, there was a higher rate of severe cytopenia at day 90 among Black and Hispanic patients compared with White patients (33% vs 44% vs 21%, respectively), but this difference was not statistically significant (P=.07).
White patients were more likely to achieve a best response of partial or better (82%) than Black or Hispanic patients (75% and 63%, respectively; P=.02). No differences in progression-free or overall survival were observed between racial and ethnic groups with either treatment modality.
In conclusion, the authors wrote, “In a large cohort of RRMM patients treated with [standard of care] ide-cel or cilta-cel, we observed a higher rate of cytopenias post-infusion and inferior ide-cel responses among racial and ethnic minority patients compared to Non-Hispanic White patients. Despite these differences, survival was similar across race and ethnicity, suggesting that both available CAR T-cell therapies for RRMM patients can be utilized across all populations.”
The authors called for increased racial and ethnic diversity in the populations of future studies of CAR T-cell therapies for RRMM to confirm these findings and evaluate long-term outcomes.
<h4>Reference</h4>
Peres LC, Richards A, Sidana S, et al. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with Idecabtagene Vicleucel or Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel. Abstract #3785. Presented at the 2024 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting &amp; Exposition; December 7-10, 2024; San Diego, California.

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The study looked at disparities in outcomes of infusion with ide-cel or cilta-cel in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

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