"PD-L1 inhibitors have significantly changed oncology [but] only about 30% of patients with cancer benefit from the drugs." Dr. Andrew Hertler explains the FDA’s decision to narrow approvals for PD-1 inhibitors for stomach and esophageal cancers Dr. Hertler breaks down the FDA’s restricting PD-1 inhibitor drugs for PD-L1-negative stomach and esophageal cancers Researchers selected representative groups for individuals with more than a 5% risk of developing BE or EC Individuals living in lower-income areas experience disproportionately higher rates of late-stage diagnoses and mortality. Studies show that obesity is a risk factor for both Barrett's esophagus and esophageal cancer. studies have identified important long-term risks of esophageal cancer, including tobacco, alcohol, and reflux esophagitis Despite mounting evidence that no level of alcohol consumption is safe many people are unaware of the risks.